{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/2v2c825z8q/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["1416 - Yakov Putermilch \u0026 Masza Putermilch - Glajtman, no. 1 - joint testimony"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/610/original/aviary_default_logo.png?1724134410","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["1416 (IDEA Catalog No.)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Gouri Haim (Interviewer)","Putermilch Yakov (Interviewee)","Putermilch - Glajtman Masza (Interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1982-09-28"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDocumentary Trilogy testimonies: Yakov Putermilch \u0026amp; Masza Putermilch - Glajtman, no. 1.\u003cbr\u003eThe two were members of ZOB (Jewish Combat Organization) in the Warsaw (Warszawa) ghetto.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRecording Length: 31:45\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: Putermilch describes the underground press before the Great Aktion, and the difficulty transmitting information during the Aktions. The escape to the “Aryan” side through the sewer canals and having to evade Polish robbers in order to contact Yitzhak Zuckerman and the underground there. Glajtman describes the uprising and the sense of satisfaction from the revenge against the Germans and restoring the honor of the Jewish people. They did not believe survival was possible. Putermilch adds that there was little talk of Eretz Israel; they were occupied with the struggle for survival.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films. The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u003c/p\u003e (general)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Keyword"]},"value":{"en":["Testimonies","Uprising, Jewish","Uprising","Deportations","Aktionen (Roundup Raids for Deportation)","Fires","Hiding","Films","Trilogy","ZOB - Jewish Fighting Organization","Dror - Youth Movement","Ha - Shomer ha - Tsa'ir - Youth Movement","Gordonia - Youth Movement","Underground, Polish","Press, Underground","Revenge","Underground, Jewish"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Warszawa","Poland","Mandatory Palestine"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["Hebrew"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["mp3"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Florman Tsadok - Zvi","Anielewicz Mordechai","Zuckerman Yitzhak","Brojde Berl","Arbuz Haim","Toebbens Walter","Geller Eliezer"]}},{"label":{"en":["Contributor"]},"value":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House Museum"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDocumentary Trilogy testimonies: Yakov Putermilch \u0026amp; Masza Putermilch - Glajtman, no. 1.\u003cbr /\u003eThe two were members of ZOB (Jewish Combat Organization) in the Warsaw (Warszawa) ghetto.\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003eRecording Length: 31:45\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: Putermilch describes the underground press before the Great Aktion, and the difficulty transmitting information during the Aktions. The escape to the \u0026ldquo;Aryan\u0026rdquo; side through the sewer canals and having to evade Polish robbers in order to contact Yitzhak Zuckerman and the underground there. Glajtman describes the uprising and the sense of satisfaction from the revenge against the Germans and restoring the honor of the Jewish people. They did not believe survival was possible. Putermilch adds that there was little talk of Eretz Israel; they were occupied with the struggle for survival.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films. The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/610/original/aviary_default_logo.png?1724134410","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collections/default_thumbs/000/002/950/small/Gemini_Generated_Image_nr5cx8nr5cx8nr5c.png?1769692460","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - 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צורות.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=2.0,10.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הייתה מחתרת, היו... הייתה עיתונות מחתרתית, והיו מחלקים את זה,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=10.0,20.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"וזה היה מגיע לאן שזה הגיע. הרבה בתים, וזה נמסר מפה לאוזן, ואנשים ידעו מה שנעשה, משום שהיו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=20.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"גם רדיו קונספירטיבי, שמענו מה שנעשה בעולם, למרות שעבור החזקת רדיו היה מגיע עונש מוות.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=30.0,40.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אבל במחתרת היה רדיו, הקשיבו, ידעו מה שהולך בעולם, לא רצו רק להאמין לקומוניקטים של הגרמנים.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=40.0,50.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"כשהתחיל הגירוש, הפסיק הכול.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=50.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הפסיק, משום שלתאר תוהו ובוהו, כל בן אדם יכול לתאר לעצמו את זה איך שהוא רוצה.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=60.0,70.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אבל לתאר את זה, מה שקרה שם, ואנשים לא היו... זה רק אם","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=70.0,80.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"יעשו איזה... [?] באופן מיוחד להראות את זה, אולי אנשים יתפסו את זה. לדוגמה, אני רוצה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=80.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"להגיד לך, כשהחליטו על הגירוש, ויום יום התנפלו על רחובות, חתכו את הרחוב,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=90.0,100.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הוציאו את האנשים מהבתים, העבירו אותם על עגלות ושמו אותם לאומשלאגפלץ. אז כשהיה לך קשר, היית","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=100.0,110.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"במחתרת, היו חברים ושלחת רצים. נניח שאני הייתי...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=110.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אם הייתי ברחוב נובוליפקי, ובנלבקי 23 היה המפקדה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=120.0,130.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"והקיבוץ של \"השומר הצעיר\" ושל \"דרור\" בדז'לנה או באיזה מקום אחר, שלחנו אנשים להגיד מה שקרה עכשיו פה,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=130.0,140.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"פתאום הם לא חזרו. מה קרה איתם? תפסו אותם בדרך, הם אפילו לא הספיקו להגיע ולהודיע מה שקרה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=140.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"פה. אותו דבר היה ברחוב השני ואותו דבר היה ברחוב השלישי. במשך, מ-22 ביולי עד","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=150.0,160.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"6 לספטמבר, אני חושב מתי שהיה ה\"דוד\", אם אינני טועה זה היה ב-6 בספטמבר, אנשים לא ידעו האחד מהשני.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=160.0,170.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הוא לא היה בטוח כשהוא יוצא היום, למרות שהוא היה שייך לאיזשהו \"שופ\", לאיזה מפעל שהוא היה מבוטח שם,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=170.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שהוא הולך לעבודה, הוא לא היה בטוח שיחזור, המשפחה לא הייתה בטוחה שהוא חוזר. הוא יצא לעבודה, אבל כשהוא חוזר לא ידעו.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=180.0,190.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לכן לא פעם קרה, כשאנשים חזרו מהמפעלים של הגרמנים שהם עבדו, פתאום מצאו בית ריק, אף אחד מהמשפחה לא נותר.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=190.0,200.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הגרמנים באו במשך הזמן ולקחו אותם, הוציאו אותם, למרות שהיו להם פתקים שהנה, הבעל הזה עובד והוא יכול להישאר וזה, הם","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=200.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לא התחשבו בשום דבר. כך שמי שידפיס את הקומוניקטים, מי שישלח את האנשים, מי שיסביר, מי שיעביר מידע, לא","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=210.0,220.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"היה בטוח אף דבר. ברור שאנחנו עשינו, איך להגיד את זה לפי השפה של היום, שמיניות באוויר פה ושם, להגיע","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=220.0,230.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ולהודיע באיזושהי צורה. היו לנו חברים גם במשטרה, דרכם העברנו, ובצורה כזאת יכולנו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=230.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"להחזיק קשר. אבל להודיע לעם, לא היה, בלתי אפשרי היה. עשינו פעם פעולה, נניח, כשהגרמנים","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=240.0,250.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"התחילו להוציא את הרכוש היהודי מהבתים שהתפנו מהיהודים ששלחו אותם. עשינו פעולה, חשבנו, נעשה פעולה, נשרוף","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=250.0,260.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"את הבתים האלה. נשרוף את הבתים האלה, ועשינו את הפעולה והתחלנו לשרוף את הבתים האלה, שלא יוציאו את הרכוש הזה. ואז אנחנו הוצאנו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=260.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"גם כן, הצלחנו איזשהם... על סטנסיל לעשות משהו ולהוציא ולתלות: הנה, עשינו זה וזה. או","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=270.0,280.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שאמרנו למנהלי המפעלים, הזהרנו אותם, תקבלו יהודים לעבודה, אל תגרשו אותם, אל תדרשו מהם 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על","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=659.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"מרדכי אנילביץ', כל זה ידעת אחר כך?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471#t=660.0,662.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134419/file/249471/transcript/70301/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"יעקב פוטרמילך:\tאחר כך. אני יצאתי מהגטו ב-29 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