{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/g44hm54736/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["1713 - Zvi - Grisha Shenkman, no. 2"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/610/original/aviary_default_logo.png?1724134410","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["1713 (IDEA Catalog No.)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Gouri Haim (Interviewer)","Shenkman Zvi - Grisha (Interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDocumentary Trilogy testimonies: Zvi - Grisha Shenkman, no. 2.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLength: 13:07 minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: Zvi - Grisha Shenkman describes the Aliyah Daled wave of illegal immigration that was based on forged passports. Some 8,500 new immigrants arrived in Eretz Israel this way until the establishment of the State of Israel, and they continued to work this way in Morrocco after the State was established. In reply to the question of what gave them the moral right to turn the Ma’apilim (illegal immigrants to Eretz Israel) into a resistance army he replied that the illegal immigrants themselves insisted on reaching the shores of Eretz Israel despite the risks.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films. The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u003c/p\u003e (general)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Keyword"]},"value":{"en":["Testimonies","Trilogy","Films","Forgeries and Counterfeits","Illegal Immigrants [Ma'apilim] to Mandate Palestine"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Morocco","Marseilles","Roma (Rome)","Napoli (Naples)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["Hebrew"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["mp3"]}},{"label":{"en":["Contributor"]},"value":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House Museum"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDocumentary Trilogy testimonies: Zvi - Grisha Shenkman, no. 2.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLength: 13:07 minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: Zvi - Grisha Shenkman describes the Aliyah Daled wave of illegal immigration that was based on forged passports. Some 8,500 new immigrants arrived in Eretz Israel this way until the establishment of the State of Israel, and they continued to work this way in Morrocco after the State was established. In reply to the question of what gave them the moral right to turn the Ma\u0026rsquo;apilim (illegal immigrants to Eretz Israel) into a resistance army he replied that the illegal immigrants themselves insisted on reaching the shores of Eretz Israel despite the risks.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films.\u0026nbsp;The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' 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שהוא","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=10.0,20.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"חוזר. ספר אולי משהו על הפרשה הזאת, וכמה באמת הגיעו ארצה בדרך הזאת?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=20.0,28.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"צבי גרישה שנקמן: העלייה ד' 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אנחנו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=40.0,50.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"נחזיר אותם לחוץ לארץ, נוכל להביא על סמך זה אנשים לארץ. התחילו באוסף הדרכונים","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=50.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"האלו, בדרך כלל במשקים. זה היו בהתחלה עשרות, מאות בודדים. התחלנו 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חותמות","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=140.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"של כל הקונסוליות באירופה, של הבריטים, עם כל החתימות, עם כל מה שצריך היה. ואנחנו הגענו, שהיו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=150.0,160.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"מגיעים קרוב ל-200 איש על תעודות כאלו באונייה לארץ, היינו מורידים אותם בחיפה, בכבוד גדול. בסך הכול הגיעו 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משרד","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=190.0,200.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"במרסיי והיה לנו משרד ברומא. ואנשים היו יוצאים דרך מרסיי ודרך נאפולי עם הכנה מוקדמת,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=200.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"עם שאלות מוקדמות, שהם ידעו מה שהם צריכים לענות. וכמובן לא תמיד אנשים עמדו ב, 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פעל","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=230.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אחרי קום המדינה גם במרוקו. וגם זה, המרכז היה בצרפת","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=240.0,250.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"במרסיי, היה לנו שמה מעבדה, היה לנו שמה אנשים שהיה מחנה מיוחד שהיו מכינים את האנשים. ודרך 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המחנות,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=560.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ביניהם נשים, ילדים, ופוקדים עליו להתנגד? ורבים מהם קיבלו את הפקודה הזו בלב ונפש.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=570.0,580.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לא הרגשת לפעמים שנדרש מהם מחיר הגאווה הלאומית, או מחיר המאבק הפוליטי, שהמחיר הזה יקר מדי?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=580.0,590.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"צבי גרישה שנקמן: ההפך. אני ביקרתי ב-46' בפולין,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=590.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אני ביקרתי בגרמניה, הייתי במחנות. אנחנו לא היינו צריכים להמריץ את האנשים,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=600.0,610.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"להפך, אנחנו צריכים לעצור בעד אנשים, בשביל שלא יעשו שגיאות. אנשים היו אחרי, בגלל","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=610.0,620.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"עניין המחנות, בגלל כל מה שהתנאים שהיו שם, היו מוכנים ללכת לדרך ללא דרך. היינו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=620.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"מזהירים אותם, היינו אומרים להם את כל הסיכונים שישנם, הם לא רצו לשמוע את זה. הלחץ היה הרבה יותר גדול מהיכולת","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=630.0,640.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שלנו לספק את היכולת של רצון של אנשים לנסוע. וכמה שלא היו מסבירים את סיכונים ואת","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=640.0,650.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"כל מה שיכול לקרו בדרך, אנשים לא רצו לשמוע. והיו לפעמים ממש, אהה, לא אגיד קטטות, אבל היסטריות","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=650.0,660.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"על תור בשביל שכל אחד יגיע למקומו. אם הוא יעלה קודם, אם הוא יעלה אחר כך. אם באונייה הזאת או באונייה אחרי זה.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=660.0,670.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"איך להבטיח את המקום שלו? איך להבטיח שמשפחתו תגיע? זה לא שינה אם היו תינוקות עם ילדים קטנים, רק שיתנו להם את","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=670.0,680.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"המקום. ואני חושב שמי שראה את אירופה דאז, יכול היה להיות שהיה לו הזכות המוסרית","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=680.0,690.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לעשות את הדבר הזה ולנסות לעזור לאנשים להגיע לחופי הארץ ולא לעצור בעדם.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=690.0,700.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"כי אינני יודע אם היו עוצרים בעדם, אם לא היו עושים, הולכים בדרכים יותר מסוכנות, והיו נכשלים הרבה יותר והקורבנות","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=700.0,710.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"היו במספר הרבה יותר גדול. אני חושב שהבעיות הפוליטיות עמדו בדרג השני ולא בדרג הראשון","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=710.0,720.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"כלפי האנשים האלו. האנשים האלה רצו לעזוב את אירופה. אה, זה שזה השתלב עם צרכים","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=720.0,730.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"של הארץ, זה אני לא צריך ללכת להסביר, כי זה דברים מובנים מאליו. למרות שהתנאים בארץ לפעמים","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=730.0,740.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"היו כאלו שפחדו שאם חס וחלילה האנגלים באמת יתנו להיכנס ל-15 אלף יהודים בבת אחת לארץ, פחדו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=740.0,750.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"מה היו התנאים, איך יקי, איך יקלטו אותם, או באיזה צורה יקבלו אותם ואיפה ימצאו להם תעסוקה ושיכון ופרנסה וכן הלאה. היו גם מצבים","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=750.0,760.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"כאלה, אבל אהה, אני חושב שזה בעיקר הודות לאנשים","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=760.0,770.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"וללחץ שהיה באירופה לעזוב את אירופה ולהגיע ל, לארץ. זהו.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=770.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=780.0,783.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892/transcript/92856/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"מראיין: נשמע רק את ה,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134823/file/249892#t=783.0,789.16497"}]}]}]}