{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/hd7np1zb3s/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["1653 - Yosef - Yoskeh Harel, no. 3, \u0026 Arie - Liuba Eliav, no. 1"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/610/original/aviary_default_logo.png?1724134410","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["1653 (IDEA Catalog No.)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Gouri Haim (Interviewer)","Harel Yosef - Yoske (Interviewee)","Eliav Arie - Liuba (Interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDocumentary Trilogy testimonies: Yosef - Yoske Harel, no. 3, \u0026amp; Arie – Liuba Eliav, no. 1.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAliya Bet activists, regarding the command of the two “Pan” ships.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLength: 15:00 minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Yosef – Yoske Harel describes the voyage to Mandatory Palestine - Eretz Israel of the two Pan ships, the Pan York and Pan Crescent, which carried some 15,000 ma’apilim (illegal immigrants to Eretz Israel) on board. He recounts the debate over whether to resist the British even at the cost of human lives. His view was that bringing such a large number of immigrants was in itself a sufficient act of resistance and an appropriate response to the return of the ship Exodus to Germany by Ernest Bevin, the British Foreign Secretary. The testimony also mentions Shaul Avigur.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. Beginning of Arie – Liuba Eliav’s testimony. He describes the national importance of the Aliyah Bet enterprise.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films. The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum. \u003c/p\u003e (general)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Keyword"]},"value":{"en":["Testimonies","Trilogy","Films","Resistance","Surviving Remnant","Army, British","Illegal Immigration [Ha'apalah] Ships","Illegal Immigrants [Ma'apilim] to Mandate Palestine"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Germany","Romania","Bulgaria","Marseilles","France","Port - de - Bouc","Tel Aviv","Cyprus","Mandatory Palestine"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["Hebrew"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["mp3"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Bevin Ernest","Avigur Shaul"]}},{"label":{"en":["Contributor"]},"value":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House Museum"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDocumentary Trilogy testimonies: Yosef - Yoske Harel, no. 3, \u0026amp; Arie \u0026ndash; Liuba Eliav, no. 1.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAliya Bet activists, regarding the command of the two \u0026ldquo;Pan\u0026rdquo; ships.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLength: 15:00 minutes.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Yosef \u0026ndash; Yoske Harel describes the voyage to Mandatory Palestine - Eretz Israel of the two Pan ships, the Pan York and Pan Crescent, which carried some 15,000 ma\u0026rsquo;apilim (illegal immigrants to Eretz Israel) on board. He recounts the debate over whether to resist the British even at the cost of human lives. His view was that bringing such a large number of immigrants was in itself a sufficient act of resistance and an appropriate response to the return of the ship Exodus to Germany by Ernest Bevin, the British Foreign Secretary. The testimony also mentions Shaul Avigur.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. Beginning of Arie \u0026ndash; Liuba Eliav\u0026rsquo;s testimony. He describes the national importance of the Aliyah Bet enterprise.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films.\u0026nbsp;The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' 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הראל.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=1.0,4.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eיוסי הראל:\u003c/strong\u003e זוכר ב, ב, בפיקוד האחרון שלי על שתי אוניות, כבר העלו אותי למפקד שייטת.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=4.0,10.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שאול, נסעתי לצ'כיה. ושאול אביגור שהוא פיקד על עלייה ב' והבריחה, בא מפריז לפגוש אותנו ולתת הוראות. שמעתי את.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=10.0,20.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eמראיין:\u003c/strong\u003e [?]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=20.0,21.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eיוסי הראל:\u003c/strong\u003e אותי, לתת לי את הפיקוד, אהה, לתת לי את ההוראות. אמר לי שאול: \"אני אספר לך את שני הניסיונות שלי בכנסת ישראל ועוד באקסודוס,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=21.0,31.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אנחנו, אתה רוצים שתתנגד על שתי הפאנים, שני הפאנים הם אוניות גדולות, ניקח 6,000 7,000 על כל אחת.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=31.0,41.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אני רוצה שתדע שהבומים על הסיפונים, כי אנחנו התכוננו להתנגד עם הבומים. אם משחתת תיתן מכה לבום והוא יצלוף","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=41.0,50.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"על אנשים על הסיפון\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=50.0,51.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eמראיין:\u003c/strong\u003e מה זה הבום?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=51.0,52.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eיוסי הראל:\u003c/strong\u003e זה המנוף. אה.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=52.0,53.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eמראיין:\u003c/strong\u003e אה.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=53.0,53.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eיוסי הראל:\u003c/strong\u003e אה. המנופים, על אותם אוניות משא. \"ייתן מכה למנוף ומנוף כזה של כמה טונות יתחיל להתרוצץ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=53.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"על הסיפון, תתכונן לבין 40 ל-50 הרוגים על שתי האוניות. תן הוראה לעשות, אני אעשה. אבל דע 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עולמי.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=82.0,91.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":" עצם ההפלגה שלנו זה ההתנגדות הכי גדולה. עצם, אתה מביא 15 אלף איש בשתי אוניות, זה הנוקאאוט שלנו.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=91.0,100.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"וחשוב אנחנו מתנגדים, זה ההתנגדות, אתה מביא לי עוד יהודי ועוד, יהיו 15 אלף יהודים. נתנגד לבריטים, יכתבו יום אחד בעצם שהתנגדנו,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=100.0,110.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ו-40 קברים, אין לנו זכות מוסרית לזה. לא בשביל זה הם עברו את כל השואה שאנחנו ניתן יד ל, למותם.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=110.0,120.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הוא קיבל את זה. אנחנו לא התנגדנו, גם לא גם קיבלנו הוראה, אחרי זה כשנגיע לסיפור הזה. אבל גם באונייה הזאת שלא הייתה התנגדות, הקורבן הראשון.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=120.0,131.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"היה לנו קורבנות. כשהביאו את הרכבות הם באו מבולגריה לרומניה, אחת הרכבות השנייה או השלישית, הגיעה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=131.0,141.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"עם תינוק מת, ואני צריך לשקול, להעלות אותם עם התינוק או לקבור אותם. אז לקחנו, היה שם קהילה יהודית וקברנו 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לאפס.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=260.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"עד שהם יתפסו מה קרה לשנות זווית של 90 מעלות ובכל הקיטור במשך לעבור שלוש ארבע קשר מייל, היינו צריכים לעשות את זה בערך","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=270.0,282.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"10, 12 דקות וכל מה שהיינו מתקרבים לחוף, בגלל העומק של המשחתות, הם היו מוכרחים להיעצר ואנחנו היינו אה, שוב 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אבל","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=341.0,350.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"זה הייתה מלחמה נוראית. אז זה הדברים המאפיינים את הנסיעה לארץ, מה שהפך אותה למוקד, שבגין השתגע והחליט על,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=350.0,360.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eמראיין:\u003c/strong\u003e בווין, בווין. תחזור 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בבוקר","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=381.0,390.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"יש עוד הוראה לעצור אותכם. ואז ברחנו, הפלגנו בשתיים או שלוש לפנות בבוקר, לפני שהם עצרו אותנו. וזה שיגע אותו, הוא החליט. הוא ראה את","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=390.0,400.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"זה מלחמה אישית, לא רק מלחמה של האימפריה הבריטית בעלייה. והוא מיקד את המלחמה כשהוא, האונייה הגיעה ארצה,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=400.0,410.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"במקום להעביר את כל המעפילים לקפריסין, הם החזירו אותנו עד לצרפת, לאותו נמל שממנו הפלגנו ולא רק","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=410.0,420.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לשבור את העולים ואת הארגון שעומד מאחורי זה, את עלייה ב', למעשה את כל היישוב, את כל העם המאורגן, אלא להשפיל את הצרפתים","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=420.0,431.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":" ואף, אף אחד לא ירד. אנשים היו על סיפונים של פלדה ש, ש, שבערו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=431.0,440.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ולא ירדו. ירד, ירדו רק זקנים רק חולים, מעט מאוד חולים וזקנים ירדו, וכהוא ראה שלא יורדים, הוא שלח","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=440.0,450.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"את האוניות לגרמניה. הלא זה טירוף. אנשים ניצולי שואה, המעט שנשאר, השם גרמניה, המילה גרמני, זה היה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=450.0,460.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שלהם סיוט, אז להכניס אותם חזרה למחנות. הוא מיקד את כל המלחמה של עלייה ב' באונייה הזאת,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=460.0,470.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ואהה, הוא הפסיד. כן, אני חושב שלו לא היה שולח את האקסודוס, זו הייתה אחת מתוך 105","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=470.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אוניות היו, מתוך 120 או 1,000 עולים ו-127 היו 105 מהאוניות הקטנות של 35 איש ו-70 ו-200,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=480.0,490.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הוא על זה הוא נלחם ועל זה הוא נשבר. ב, במאמר מוסגר, אני רוצה להגיד, לי היה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813#t=490.0,500.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134742/file/249813/transcript/70894/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"תענוג, או סיפוק אישי לא רגיל ולחלק מהצוות של האקסודוס. כשהוא חשב שהוא שבר את העלייה ואת 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