{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/k649p2xw90/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["1472 - Fela Finkelstein \u0026 Adam Halpern - Hartan, no. 1"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/610/original/aviary_default_logo.png?1724134410","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["1472 (IDEA Catalog No.)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Gouri Haim (Interviewer)","Finkelstein Fela - Tsipora (Interviewee)","Halpern - Hartan Adam (Interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1983-08-31"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDocumentary Trilogy testimonies: Fela Finkelstein \u0026amp; Adam Halpern – Hartan, no. 1.\u003cbr\u003eThe two were members of the Jewish Military Union (Zydowski Zwiazek Wojskowy) ZZW in the Warsaw (Warszawa) ghetto.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: Fela Finkelstein \u0026amp; Adam Halpern – Hartan attempt to explain why no rebellion broke out before the Great Aktion of July 1942. The Germans misled and deceived the Jews and of course did not share their plans for them with them. They note that from the early stages of the war they did everything to avoid serving the Germans (they preferred to work on Polish estates despite their lack of experience in agricultural work). During the uprising they fought on Muranowska Street and did not believe they would survive. They describe how Jews who hid in bunkers in the ghetto preferred to die rather than surrender to the Germans.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films. The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u003c/p\u003e (general)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Keyword"]},"value":{"en":["Testimonies","Trilogy","Films","Aktionen (Roundup Raids for Deportation)","Prisoners of War (POWs)","Ghetto","Bunkers","Weapons","Uprising, Jewish","Forced Labor","Underground, Jewish","Partisans","ZZW - Jewish Military Union","Couriers","Betar - Youth Movement"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Poland","Warszawa","Treblinka - Camp","Majdanek - Camp","Auschwitz - Camp","Hrubieszow"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["Hebrew"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["mp3"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Lasker Perec","Rodal Arie - Leon"]}},{"label":{"en":["Contributor"]},"value":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House Museum"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDocumentary Trilogy testimonies: Fela Finkelstein \u0026amp; Adam Halpern \u0026ndash; Hartan, no. 1.\u003cbr /\u003eThe two were members of the Jewish Military Union (Zydowski Zwiazek Wojskowy) ZZW in the Warsaw (Warszawa) ghetto.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: Fela Finkelstein \u0026amp; Adam Halpern \u0026ndash; Hartan attempt to explain why no rebellion broke out before the Great Aktion of July 1942. The Germans misled and deceived the Jews and of course did not share their plans for them with them. They note that from the early stages of the war they did everything to avoid serving the Germans (they preferred to work on Polish estates despite their lack of experience in agricultural work). During the uprising they fought on Muranowska Street and did not believe they would survive. They describe how Jews who hid in bunkers in the ghetto preferred to die rather than surrender to the Germans.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films. The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/610/original/aviary_default_logo.png?1724134410","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collections/default_thumbs/000/002/950/small/Gemini_Generated_Image_nr5cx8nr5cx8nr5c.png?1769692460","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - 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מוזרה.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=2.0,3.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"פלה-ציפורה פינקלשטיין: ... מוזרה.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=3.0,3.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eמראיין:\u003c/strong\u003e פלה-ציפורה פינקלשטיין: ... מוזרה. מאוד מוזרה, כי בביאליסטוק, בסוף הם הצליחו ליצור איזה ארגון יותר מרחבי...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=3.0,9.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eטכנאי:\u003c/strong\u003e 31.8.83,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=9.0,10.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"פלה פינקלשטיין ואדם הרטאן.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=10.0,17.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eפלה ציפורה פינקלשטיין:\u003c/strong\u003e תראה איזה קשר.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=17.0,19.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eאדם הלפרן הרתאן:\u003c/strong\u003e האמת היא זו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=19.0,20.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שלא יכול להיות מצב שזה היה משתנה. המצב צריך... ראו את בגטו בפירוש, שהכל הולך לקראת","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=20.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"חיסול. ללא כל צל של ספק, הלוא צמצום הגטו וכליאת אנשים כל פעם","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=30.0,40.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"בתנאים הכי קשים, שזה היה כל הזמן, כל הזמן, זה היה ללא כל צל של ספק","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=40.0,50.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שזה הולך לקראת חיסול סופי. זה התחיל כל הזמן עם הצמצומים, עם הקטנת האנשים,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=50.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ממרחב גדול יותר למרחב קטן יותר. זה היה ללא כל ספק שהיה חיסול.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=60.0,66.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eמראיין:\u003c/strong\u003e אז מדוע בכל זאת, לא פרצה 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הצורה...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=74.0,80.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"איך הגרמנים הצליחו להרדים את האוכלוסייה, כאילו שזה לא הולך לקראת חיסול סופי.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=80.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אלה יוציאו, אלה ייקחו אותם, היתר יישארו. איש לפי","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=90.0,100.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הצורה, שאיפה שהגרמנים התנהגו, אז כאילו, עד כאן - זהו זה ומכאן הכל יהיה בסדר. לא... מצדם","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=100.0,110.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לא ניתן היה שום סימן שזה הולך לקראת חיסול סופי. לכן אולי אצל אנשים באמת נוצר בהתחלה מצב, בהתחלה 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התחילו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=130.0,140.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לדאוג לעצמם, איך הם יכולים להישאר? כן, מעבר לזמן הזה, אולי יוכלו בכל זאת להישאר עד שהמלחמה תיגמר.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=140.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ופה נכנס העניין של הארגונים. הארגונים, כשהם התחילו כן לארגן, שהתחילו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=150.0,160.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"להתארגן, הם הכניסו באוכלוסייה, באלה, ביהודים, את המחשבה שלא ללכת","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=160.0,170.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"כצאן לטבח. וזה היה... ואז אנשים התחילו לחשוב שלהכין את הבונקרים","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=170.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"וזהו. נפסיק אולי לרגע?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526#t=180.0,185.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134475/file/249526/transcript/93510/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eפלה ציפורה פינקלשטיין:\u003c/strong\u003e כן, אני אישית הרגשתי את זה תיכף 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