{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/pv6b27rj45/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["1560 - Asher Ben - Natan, no. 2"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/610/original/aviary_default_logo.png?1724134410","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["1560 (IDEA Catalog No.)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Gouri Haim (Interviewer)","Ben - Natan Asher (Arthur) (Interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1978-01-10"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eFrom the Trilogy Testimonies: Asher Ben - Natan, no. 2\u003cbr\u003eBorn in Vienna, Austria, activist in the Mossad LeAliyah Bet after the war.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLength: 21:34 minutes\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: Asher Ben - Natan describes the activities of the \"HaBricha\" Organization in Vienna starting from 1945. The city served as a central transit junction for hundreds of thousands of Jewish refugees on their way to displaced persons camps and Eretz Israel (The Land of Israel). Ben-Natan details the organization's methods of operation, the logistical efforts including the forgery of documents, and the political tensions and complex negotiations with the Soviet and American occupation authorities in Austria and Germany.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films. The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u003c/p\u003e (general)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Keyword"]},"value":{"en":["Testimonies","Trilogy","Films","Ha - Bricha (Flight and Rescue), Irgun - Organization","Smuggling","Prisons","Surviving Remnant","Illegal Immigrants [Ma'apilim] to Mandate Palestine","Forgeries and Counterfeits"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Austria (spatial)","Mandatory Palestine (spatial)","Germany (spatial)","Wien (Vienna) (spatial)","Salzburg (spatial)","Greece (spatial)","Czech Republic (spatial)","Innsbruck (spatial)","Linz (spatial)","Gnadenwald - DP Camp (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["Hebrew"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["mp3"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Avidav Eitan (personal name)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Contributor"]},"value":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House Museum"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eFrom the Trilogy Testimonies: Asher Ben - Natan, no. 2\u003cbr /\u003eBorn in Vienna, Austria, activist in the Mossad LeAliyah Bet after the war.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eLength: 21:34 minutes\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: Asher Ben - Natan describes the activities of the \"HaBricha\" Organization in Vienna starting from 1945. The city served as a central transit junction for hundreds of thousands of Jewish refugees on their way to displaced persons camps and Eretz Israel (The Land of Israel). Ben-Natan details the organization's methods of operation, the logistical efforts including the forgery of documents, and the political tensions and complex negotiations with the Soviet and American occupation authorities in Austria and Germany.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films. The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/610/original/aviary_default_logo.png?1724134410","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collections/default_thumbs/000/002/950/small/Gemini_Generated_Image_nr5cx8nr5cx8nr5c.png?1769692460","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - 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המחנות","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=0.0,10.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"בזלצבורג, שהחזקנו אותם שבוע, שבועיים, שלושה שבועות לפעמים. או שערכנו חיפושים בכלים של יהודים והחרמנו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=10.0,20.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"את הדברים. לא דברי אוכל, אבל [...] (שפה זרה). היות וההברחה הזו כמעט הייתה יכולה לסכן את","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=20.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הבריחה ואת מעמדה. אני רק זוכר התנגשות אחת שהייתה לי עם אחת מתנועות הנוער,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=30.0,40.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לא אזכיר איזו, שקבוצה מסוימת סירבה לעזוב את וינה ורצתה להתמקם","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=40.0,50.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"בבית חולים רוטשילד. היה לנו חוק ברזל שהקבוצות נכנסות ויוצאות לפי התאריכים שהן","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=50.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הגיעו, כי רצינו למנוע שאיזושהי קבוצה תשתלט על אחד מהמקומות של הבריחה, כי הייתה תחרות בין תנועות הנוער","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=60.0,70.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"והתנועות הפוליטיות השונות. הייתה קבוצה אחת שממש בכוח התנגדה במקום. על מנת להוציא אותם, נתתי הוראה להפסיק","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=70.0,80.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"להם אספקת אוכל ל-24 שעות. ואחר כך נסעתי לשאת ולתת איתם, וכשבאתי סגרו עליי את הדלת והסתגרו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=80.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"איתי, וישבתי איתם מספר שעות, הם כאילו ניסו לאיים עליי. ידעתי שהם לא רציניים,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=90.0,100.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ותוך השיחה ניסית לשכנע אותם שאין כאן שום פגיעה דווקא בהם, אלא יש איזשהו הסדר שאנחנו, אם לא נשמור 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פניתי","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=120.0,130.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לידידים שהיו לי בשלטונות האמריקאים, ופשוט אמרתי להם, יש קבוצה מסוימת שמפריעה לסדר הטוב של הבריחה, אנא תוציאו אותם משם.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=130.0,140.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"זה היה ביום ראשון אחד, אני בעצמי לקחתי את המכונית ונסעתי ליערות","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=140.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"וינה, זאת אומרת למקום שאי אפשר לצלצל לי, ואי אפשר למצוא אותי, כי ידעתי בדיוק מה שיקרה. כשיבואו המשטרה הצבאית האמריקאית ויתחילו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=150.0,160.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"להעלות את החבר'ה על מכונית, הרי מיד יבואו לשדל, שזה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=160.0,170.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לא יפה, היו שם סצנות שאי אפשר לתאר אותם. והוציאו אותם, נתתי הוראה שהרכבת","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=170.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שלהם לא תעצור בלינץ, אלא תיגש ישר עד זלצבורג. ונסעתי אחריהם. ונכנסתי למחנה שהם 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פקודת,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=220.0,226.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"מראיין: פסק דין.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=226.0,227.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אשר בן נתן: פסק דין מוות. לא התייחסתי","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=227.0,230.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לעניין הזה, והתוצאה, בכל אופן, הייתה שמאותו רגע הבריחה עבדה ללא תקלות דומות.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=230.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"קרה אחר כך דבר חמור, זה כבר היה אחרי שאני עזבתי את אוסטריה, כאשר קבוצה אחרת שהייתה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=240.0,250.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שייכת לאותו הזרם, ניסתה להשתלט על נקודת הבריחה בגנדנוואלד, ואז נהרג","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=250.0,260.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"איתן אבידב.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=260.0,263.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"מראיין: אמור לי, אתה זוכר תופעות גם שיהודים ניסו,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=263.0,270.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"במקום לעזוב את הגולה, את אירופה ההרוסה, להתמקם, לפתוח שוק, דבקות 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אני,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=480.0,490.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"כשראיתי שהעניין הזה מתארגן, יצאתי לפניהם, והתהלכתי לפני המלון, וכאשר היהודים התחילו להגיע למלון. פנה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=490.0,500.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אליי עיתונאי ושאל אותי, תגיד לי, מר פיר, זה היה שמי אז, ממתי אתה ידעת שההפגנה 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הם","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=520.0,530.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לא הפריעו לזרימה של היהודים. הייתה אפילו תקופה שאנחנו יסדנו, ביוזמה שלנו, מועדון","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=530.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"בינלאומי לחיילים יהודים בווינה, הבריחה יזמה את זה, אנחנו גם נשאנו בהוצאות. זה היה 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שיתפו","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=560.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"פעולה על בסיס [?]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=570.0,571.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אשר בן נתן: אנחנו לא שיחדנו באוסטריה, אנחנו גם לא שיחדנו את הרוסים. יכול להיות שבמחנה, הוועדה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=571.0,580.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"של המחנה נתנה משהו. אנחנו בעיקרון לא שיחדנו. היחסים התקלקלו עם הרוסים כאשר","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=580.0,590.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"הם נכחו לדעת שאנחנו גם מבריחים קצינים רוסיים וחיילים 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ילדות?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=1160.0,1167.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אשר בן נתן: אני זוכר, כאשר עלינו, עמדנו לעלות","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685#t=1167.0,1170.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/134620/file/249685/transcript/92904/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"על אוניית הפליטים ביוון ב-38' היינו קבוצה של צעירים, אנחנו ניקינו 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