{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/w950g3jv70/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["1369 - Stefan Grajek, no. 3"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/610/original/aviary_default_logo.png?1724134410","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["1369 (IDEA Catalog No.)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Gouri Haim (Interviewer)","Grajek Stephan - Shalom (Interviewee)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1982-11-02 (recorded)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDocumentary Trilogy testimonies: Stefan Grajek, no. 3\u003cbr\u003eMember of the Jewish Combat Organization in the Warsaw (Warszawa) ghetto\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRecording length: 24:16\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: The uprising was a battle no-one hoped to win, the goal was to avenge the murder of the hundreds of thousands of ghetto inhabitants. The Polish underground, the Armia Krajowa, on the one hand admired the Jewish fighters, and on the other refused to provide them with assistance, and some even murdered fighters who managed to escape from the ghetto and join the partisans. Some 120 fighters managed to escape in two groups through the sewer tunnels, of whom about a quarter survived the war. The Jews were the first in Europe to revolt in an organized manner, and there were Jews in all resistance movements and in the Allied armies.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films. The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u003c/p\u003e (general)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Keyword"]},"value":{"en":["Testimonies","Films","Trilogy","Underground, Polish","ZOB - Jewish Fighting Organization","Partisans","Bunkers","Revenge","Armia Karjowa","Polish Government - in - Exile"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Warszawa","Vilnius (Vilna)","Poland","London","England","Treblinka - Camp","Sobibor - Camp","Italy"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["Hebrew"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["mp3"]}},{"label":{"en":["Contributor"]},"value":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House Museum"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eDocumentary Trilogy testimonies: Stefan Grajek, no. 3\u003cbr /\u003eMember of the Jewish Combat Organization in the Warsaw (Warszawa) ghetto\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003eRecording length: 24:16\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eContent: The uprising was a battle no-one hoped to win, the goal was to avenge the murder of the hundreds of thousands of ghetto inhabitants. The Polish underground, the Armia Krajowa, on the one hand admired the Jewish fighters, and on the other refused to provide them with assistance, and some even murdered fighters who managed to escape from the ghetto and join the partisans. Some 120 fighters managed to escape in two groups through the sewer tunnels, of whom about a quarter survived the war. The Jews were the first in Europe to revolt in an organized manner, and there were Jews in all resistance movements and in the Allied armies.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Ghetto Fighters' House Museum produced three documentary films known as The Documentary Trilogy. The films are: The 81st Blow (1974), The Last Sea (1979), and Flames in the Ashes (1985). The creators were David Bergman, Jacquot Ehrlich, and Haim Gouri.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMany recorded testimonies were integrated into the films. The raw materials of the testimonies are kept in the archive of the Ghetto Fighters' House Museum.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Ghetto Fighters' House"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/610/original/aviary_default_logo.png?1724134410","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collections/default_thumbs/000/002/950/small/Gemini_Generated_Image_nr5cx8nr5cx8nr5c.png?1769692460","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - 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הזה?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=4.0,9.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"סטפן גראייק: קרב של ייאוש","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=9.0,10.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"נקרא, קרב שאתה לא צופה ניצחון, אתה לא צופה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=10.0,20.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"התגברות על האויב, אתה לא צופה... אתה לא יכול","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=20.0,30.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לשנות עמדות כמו בצבא ולעבור לעמדה אחרת. היינו קשורים ותקועים באותם מקומות","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=30.0,40.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לחימה כפי שהיינו. יכולנו להחליף בית, גג זה לאחר, או קומה...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=40.0,50.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"חלון של קומה עליונה מבית אחד לשני, אבל בלי אפשרות של נסיגה. ואם","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=50.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אתה שואל \"קרב ייאוש\", הכוונה הייתה.. הכוונה הייתה נקמה.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=60.0,70.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"לנקום בעד הרג העם, משפחות, חברים, בצדק","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=70.0,80.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"של מאות אלפים. לא ידענו אז שמדובר על מיליונים, אבל לפחות ידענו על מאות אלפים.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=80.0,90.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"וקרב ייאוש כאשר אתה יודע שאתה לא תנצח, שעומדת מולך מכונה אדירה 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על,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=130.0,139.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"מראיין 1: פרק בהיסטוריה?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=139.0,140.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=140.0,141.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"סטפן גראייק: לא פרק בהיסטוריה, לא פרק בהיסטוריה, לא חשבנו אז על היסטוריה, לא חשבנו על היסטוריה, ולא חשבנו להישאר בחיים. אף אחד לא תיאר לעצמו שיישאר","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=141.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"בחיים. הכוונה הייתה ברורה, אחת ויחידה, לנקום את דמם של היהודים שנרצחו, שהובלו למחנות","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=150.0,160.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"השמדה ושנרצחו ברחובות ורשה, בגטו. נקמה. שדם יהודי לא יהיה 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מתחוללת","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=230.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"דרמה כזאת, הם מגיבים עליה. עברנו על קטעים שלמים בעיתונות המחתרת הפולנית, בתחנות הרדיו שלהם. אז מצד אחד - הערצה בלתי","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=240.0,250.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"רגילה, והרגשת שותפות, גם שמחה לאיד בחוגים, נאמר, אנטישמים, אבל בסך הכל גם 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יותר","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1332.0,1340.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"קל, כי להתגייס לצבא היה יותר פשוט. אבל בכל תנועה פרטיזנית, ביערות, היו יהודים, אני לא מכיר אף","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1340.0,1350.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"תנועה פרטיזנית שלחמה, באיזושהי מדינה, בלי השתתפות יהודים. וקשה לי לעמוד על המספר,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1350.0,1360.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אבל עשרות רבות של אלפים היו באירופה, בפרטיזנקה,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1360.0,1370.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"בארצות שונות, אם זה בצרפת, בבלגיה, אני מדגיש את יוגוסלביה,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1370.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"בולגריה. טוב, גם ברוסיה כמובן, בברית המועצות.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1380.0,1386.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"מראיין 1: ב-42', אפילו 43' [...] בצפון איטליה","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1386.0,1390.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"נאמר לנו שמדובר היה ב...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1390.0,1392.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"סטפן גראייק: בלי כל ספק, כי למשל, גם היום באיטליה בראש","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1392.0,1400.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"תנועות הפרטיזנים האיטלקיות, עומדים יהודים, גם כיום. כאשר הייתה... השתתפו יהודים בפרטיזנקה באיטליה,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1400.0,1410.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"אין כל ספק. אני מכיר יהודים שהם מפעילי התנועה הפרטיזנית באיטליה, שקיימת, התנועה הפרטיזנית החשובה באיטליה,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1410.0,1420.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שקיימת היום. כאשר בכל מדינה, אני לא מכיר מדינה שהייתה פרטיזנקה, הייתה לחימה מחתרתית נגד הנאצים,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1420.0,1430.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"שלא היו בה יהודים. היו גם, מאוד חשוב, היו תנועות פרטיזניות שחלק","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1430.0,1440.0"},{"id":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738/transcript/93474/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"גדול היה מורכב מיהודים, חלק גדול, גם בצרפת חלק...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://gfhorgil.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2950/collection_resources/133951/file/248738#t=1440.0,1456.03805"}]}]}]}